Category: App Services

All about application services for example, Azure App Service. Angular application, Microsoft .NET Core and EF

App Registration vs Enterprise Applications

All applications that get registered in AAD, in the tenant, two types of objects get created once the app registration is done.

  • Application Object
  • Service Principal Object

The Application Object is what you see under App Registrations in AAD. This object acts as the template where you can go ahead and configure various things like API Permissions, Client Secrets, Branding, App Roles, etc. All these customizations that you make to your app, get written to the app manifest file. The application object describes three aspects of an application: how the service can issue tokens in order to access the application, resources that the application might need to access, and the actions that the application can take.

The Service Principal Object is what you see under the Enterprise Registration blade in AAD. Every Application Object (created through the Azure Portal or using the Microsoft Graph APIs, or AzureAD PS Module) would create a corresponding Service Principal Object in the Enterprise Registration blade of AAD. A service principal is a concrete instance created from the application object and inherits certain properties from that application object. A service principal is created in each tenant where the application is used and references the globally unique app object. The service principal object defines what the app can actually do in the specific tenant, who can access the app, and what resources the app can access.

Similar to a class in object-oriented programming, the application object has some static properties that are applied to all the created service principals (or application instances).

You can read more on the following objects here: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/app-objects-and-service-principals

Reference

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/modules/implement-app-registration/2-plan-your-line-business-application-registration-strategy

How to prevent Visual Studio from compiling TypeScript

If you are building a Single Page Application / JavaScript Web application using Visual Studio, you’ve probably already run into the overlap between tooling that surrounds npm and the tooling within Visual Studio.

One of these tasks is preventing Visual Studio from being responsible for building TypeScript and allowing your tooling (i.e. Webpack, Gulp, Grunt) to be in charge instead. The idea here is that your tooling has been configured to lint, minify, build, concat, bundle, copy, whatever all of your project files exactly as you desire. At this point you don’t really need MSBuild involved in transpiling your JavaScript to TypeScript as it would be redundant and often times problematic. To prevent Visual Studio from doing any compilation of TypeScript preform the following steps:

Ensure a tsconfig file is added to the project and configured correctly

TypeScript and any build process you are using will work together based on the configuration in tsconfig.json. This file can be hand-rolled from scratch, or may have been generated for your project from a process like ng new and the Angular CLI. You can also generate a default tsconfig file (recommended approach as opposed to creating from scratch) using the following command:
tsc --init

This will generate a default configuration file for TypeScript compilation. Your web-client’s code build process will need to point to this file and using it as a driver for the TypeScript compilation behavior.

2. Modify the .csproj project file to prevent TypeScript from compiling

Within Visual Studio, right-click your project and select the option to edit the .csproj file. These options are in a XML format and the following needs to be added:
<PropertyGroup>
   <TypeScriptCompileBlocked>true</TypeScriptCompileBlocked>
</PropertyGroup>
If you still want MSBuild to handle your TypeScript compilation there are several options that will change the behavior: 

Reference

https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/compiler-options-in-msbuild.html

How to use jQuery with Angular

jQuery and Angular are two different technologies and have different paradigms; Angular embraces a declarative approach to DOM manipulation, while jQuery uses a more imperative style. Mixing these paradigms can lead to confusion and harder-to-maintain code.

Some third-party libraries still rely on jQuery. In such cases, we can use jQuery to integrate these libraries into our Angular application.

STEP 1 – First things first

// In the console
// First install jQuery
npm install --save jquery
// and jQuery Definition
npm install --save @types/jquery

STEP 2 – IMPORT

// Now, within any of the app files (ES2015 style)
import * as $ from 'jquery';
//
$('#elemId').width();

// OR

// CommonJS style - working with "require"
import $ = require('jquery')
//
$('#elemId').width();

#UPDATE – Sep - 2024

Lately, I’m writing code with ES6 instead of typescript and am able to import without * as $ in the import statement. This is what it looks like now:

import $ from 'jquery';
//
$('#elemId').width();

Reference

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30623825/how-to-use-jquery-with-angular

https://dkreider.medium.com/how-to-use-jquery-with-angular-111fbe6b406f

Installing USWDS in Angular

USWDS is a U.S. Web Design System. The beauty of it is that it brings together Developers and Designers.

This is for public use and you can find it here;

https://designsystem.digital.gov/components/modal

On a technical note, you can think of it as Bootstrap implementation of USWDS though it’s not Bootstrap. It comes with its own CSS classes, themes, icons and JavaScript modules.

Installation instruction is straight forward for Web development tools that doesn’t require TypeScript to implement client side behavior, for example ASP.NET Core, PHP etc.

My challenge was to implement this in Angular v18.0. While searching for Typescript modules, I found Angular package in their documentation;

https://designsystem.digital.gov/documentation/implementations

This is the package link;

https://github.com/GSA/ngx-uswds

This seems to be well-maintained by developer’s community. Here is the demo link of these packages;

https://gsa.github.io/ngx-uswds/?path=/story/introduction–overview

Installation instructions are very simple. Run this;

npm install @gsa-sam/ngx-uswds

As of this writing this package targets Angular 17 and you might get an error installing this. Run this command to force it to install;

npm install @gsa-sam/ngx-uswds --force

You will see a folder under node_modules in your project.

Basic installation is done;

1 - npm install --save uswds@latest
2 - add "node_modules/uswds/dist/css/uswds.min.css" to the "styles"
    section of angular.json
3 - add "node_modules/uswds/dist/js/uswds.min.js" to the "scripts" 
    section of angular.json

How we are going to use it? In my case, I need to bring in individual component, for example a modal dialog box.

Create a component in your application;

ng g c my-modal

Open my-modal component. Open modal-basic.component.ts file from their github repo. see picture below;

Paste their code in your component and template file. You are good to go.

Their is another option that seems to be promising on GSA front;

https://buy.gsa.gov/style_guide/?path=/docs/components-date-picker–docs

This package has limited USWDS components but has more components available. We can use both. right 🙂

Enjoy!